新聞取自各大新聞媒體，新聞內容並不代表本網立場！

收件箱 : bangtai.us@gmail.com

博闻观察：李克强视察澳门幕后表面挺澳实压香港

2016年10月14日

     【博闻社北京特别报道】10月10日至12日，中国总理李克强到澳门出席中葡部长论坛并视察工作。如果李不是总理，那么他如何“来也匆匆去也匆匆”对外界并不重要；但是这一次，作为总理的李克强大驾光临，令澳门这座曾经的“渔村”可谓“蓬荜生辉”。其背后的诸多因素令人关注。

    博闻社特约记者从接近中国代表团和澳门特区政府高层的消息人士获悉，李克强此行，借中葡论坛推广所谓“一带一路”战略，真做的却是传递北京“压港挺澳”的明确意图。

    消息人士透露，尽管此前中国总理和国家主席曾多次到访过澳门，但是李克强却是第一次；北京特派上月刚刚随其访问美加古三国时的核心报道团队高层，再次被挂上阵，一同空降澳门。

（澳门当局盛迎李克强总理莅临。）

    博闻社此前曾披露，中共官媒对李克强上月外访明显“动了手脚”，而且报道不力；不知道是否与海外媒体的“提醒”有关，此次负责报道的团队高层，似乎也明显汲取了教训和加大了力度。

    在澳门国际机场机场红毯的尽头，李克强罕有地面对早已等候摆拍的记者方阵，发表了热情洋溢的讲话，并且毫无掩饰地大方表达其对澳门的“望穿秋水”和“一往情深”。

    博闻社特约记者还了解到，在离京前夕，报道团队高层就精心制定了李克强在中葡论坛开幕式主旨演讲的直播计划，其中央视新闻频道和中文国际频道以及英语频道进行了现场直播；

    为了避免“习式口误”，出现类似“宽衣”之类的问题，李克强在前往澳门的专机上，还在反复修改和“默读”演讲稿。

    尽管李克强在主旨演讲时，没有让观众看到和听到笑话，但是在中葡论坛开幕式现场，博闻社特约记者却注意到，主持开幕式的中国商务部长高虎城在介绍“总理李克强”时，因一时语塞，竟然误以“中国”，代替在正式外交场合应该以“中华人民共和国”的称谓。

    不过这点小小的失误，不知道用葡语如何表达，无需大惊小怪；如同即使是中共官媒也常常将这位高度“近视”的商务部长的名字误写成高虎“诚”一样。

    在开幕式结束后，消息人士对博闻社特约记者指出，中葡论坛充其量就是中共拿澳门说事；尤其在香港诡异现象层出不穷之际，李克强就是“假戏真做”，高调挺澳以向“不听话”的香港施压，并且为其正处风口浪尖的常委同事张德江站台。

    为确保安全，早在李克强抵达之前，“港独”人士和广东访民这两份长长的“黑名单”也早已被澳门特区政府所掌握，澳门各大口岸和海关均对所有入境人员进行严格核实和一一对照。

（李克强澳门行。）

    尽管李克强“饱含深情”地想在澳门“多走走，多看看和多听听”，但是全程陪同李克强视察澳门的消息人士向博闻社特约记者披露，李克强的假戏还是“穿帮”了。

    李克强所到之处，所谓“被团团包围的人海”，大多是从珠海、深圳和广州等地精挑细选的“群众演员”；甚至在机场迎来送往以及道路两旁列队欢迎的小学生们，也多数是来自珠海的“品学兼优的三好学生”。

    消息人士向博闻社特约记者指出，沸沸扬扬的香港书商事件发生之后，国家主席习近平和第一夫人彭丽媛确曾十分恼火；而为了上演“压港挺澳”，李克强可谓有备而来。

    上月结束古巴访问回国途中，李克强专机特意选择经停葡萄牙，原来绝非偶然；在短暂的停留期间，中葡双方最终确认了葡萄牙总理对华访问和出席中葡论坛的相关细节。而葡萄牙前总理即将出任联合国秘书长，这似乎也是中方的“意外的惊喜和收获”。

    但是殊不知，澳门向以“东方的拉斯维加斯”名扬世界，而因为中共的反腐风暴，赌业已大幅滑坡；其实中葡双方的蜜月对澳门并无实质性的“重大利好”。

    博闻社特约记者同时获悉，为了减少负面影响，李克强在巴掌大的澳门全部3天行程安排中，都有意避开了鳞次栉比和金碧辉煌的各大赌场；中共官媒也严令禁止出现任何赌场镜头或者提及一切与赌业相关的话题。

    消息人士最后向博闻社暗示，为进一步挺澳，中央政府正在研究“以某种可能的方式补贴特区政府”，从而舒解因为中共大力反腐败导致澳门赌业的衰落，“保持澳门的长期稳定和繁荣”。

    另一方面，为防外界妄议，李克强分别取消了与澳门商界领袖的早餐会，和在深圳“密会”香港特区政府亲中官员等多项活动；尤其出于安全考虑，李克强没有效仿其前任温家宝上次视察澳门时，与假扮市民的群众们，一起“晨练”。

    2016年尽管远未结束，但是对香港而言，确实已经步入了一个多事之秋，而且很有可能会等来更加漫长的严冬；李克强用中共擅长的和惯用的“演技”，完成中南海“压港挺澳”的好戏，到底将导致香港和澳门，最终“回归”何方，我们拭目以待。

团派惨遭打压中共十九大入常谁有

戏？(图)

京港台：2016-10-16 01:21| 来源：美国之音 |

　　中国商店出售的一副“中国梦”众官图扑克牌，习近平(专题)是“大王”，但英语这张牌是JOKER，也就是“小丑”。如今这副牌要重洗了。

　　据中国官方媒体报导，中共第十八届中央委员会第六次全体会议将於2016年10月24日至27日在北京召开。有报导称，今年的六中全会或将决定预计於明年秋季召开的中共十九大的人事布局。那麽有哪些人可能在十九大进入中共权力最高层---政治局常委呢？与美国热闹的大选不同，中共高层政治运作在幕後悄悄进行。不过，坊间已开始流传一些十九大的“入常”名单。此外，一些研究中国政治的观察家也就这一问题给出了自己的看法。

　　　　“七上八下”是否延续？

　　美国明镜新闻出版集团总裁何频就谁能“入常”这一很多人关注的问题做出了自己的推测。何频认为，谁能入常，年龄是关键。

　　他对美国之音说：“年龄限不限制，恰恰是十九大现在最敏感的一个话题。如果不限制年龄，那麽不但现有的年龄过大的王岐山(专题)有可能会留任，甚至现在政治局里面的成员虽然年龄过大也有可能被提升为政治局常委。”

　　在现任中央政治局常委中，除习近平与李克强(专题)之外，其余五人在明年十九大召开时都将超过所谓“七上八下”的年龄线，即在任常委年满68周岁退休，67周岁以下可留任。余下的政治局委员中，有六人也将达到退休年龄。

　　何频说，虽然曾有例外，但中央政治局常委一般都是由中央政治局委员更上一层楼。据他推测，目前的政治局委员中有两人升任常委的争议比较小。

　　他说：“现在相对来讲，争议性比较小的、符合资格的、政治派系又比较接近习近平的首先是中组部的部长赵乐际。因为他的资历比较完整，现在又是政治局委员，又是担任中组部部长，一般按惯例来讲这个职务担任政治局常委的可能性比较大。”

　　除了赵乐际之外，何频推测现任中共中央办公厅主任栗战书“入常”的可能性也比较大。

　　他说：“第二个就是现任的中办主任，同时也是政治局委员（栗战书）。中办主任并不一定成为政治局常委，他在党内名义上的地位还不是像中组部部长那麽的关键和重要。但是因为他太接近党的总书记，所以他往往，如果在资历高又接近习近平的情况下，也可能成为政治局常委。所以栗战书是另外一个人选。”

　　何频表示，除了上述争议较小的两人之外，现任上海市委书记韩正也有可能在十九大进入常委之列。

　　他说：“韩正是一个可能的人选，因为他担任了上海市委书记。但是韩正与习近平在上海曾经有过一段时间共事。但是有些共事是好事情，有些共事是不好的事情。所以如果他们当年的共事不是那麽愉快，那麽这就会（成为）影响韩正成为常委的可能因素。但是一般来讲。因为上海在中国的经济地位和政治地位比较重要，所以上海市委书记成为常委似乎是这些年来已经形成了某种程度的惯例。”

　　　　“团派”遭打压，“入常”路难行？

　　据路透社报导，三个与中共高层关系密切的消息源披露，习近平会在十九大期间试图阻止团派成员主宰由七人组成的政治局常委会。团派成员李源潮、汪洋和胡春华很难同时入常。但路透社提供的消息源说，即使习近平试图阻止，这三名团派成员中至少会有一人进入政治局常委。

　　何频则认为路透社提供的这三个消息源都是“不靠谱”的。他表示无论是所谓的“太子党”、“共青团派”还是“秘书帮”已经不是中国的政治生活中一个必须要考虑的范围。他认为个人的因素起着更为关键的作用。

　　他说：“作为一个政治派系，我觉得不是习近平真正要考虑到的。他可能要考虑到的派系是更加隐形的。比如说他是不是要更加照顾温家宝的人啊？是不是要照顾江泽民的人啊？所以我觉得这是带有一种个人的色彩，未必是他们後边代表着的某一个明显的、有政治标签的政治派系。”

　　何频认为上述三人都有阻碍他们各自“入常”的因素。何频表示，有传言说李源潮的秘书被抓，可能是与令计划有关。何频说，李源潮“能够保住平安退休就已经不错了”，晋升常委的机率不大。对於汪洋，何频认为他的资历、年龄都符合晋升常委的标准，但汪洋的“团派色彩”以及“与令计划的接触”可能使他晋升常委存在变数。此外，何频认为胡春华与孙政才如果晋升常委将给人一种“接班人”的感觉，但能否得到习近平的支持还有待观察。

　　在纽约(专题)时报记者储百亮（Chris Buckley）上周六的报导中，三位与中共“高级官员及其家属关系密切的党内人士”表示，中国国家主席习近平“看来很可能”会推迟挑选继任者。

　　纽约时报还援引一位“中共权势集团内部的一名经常与高级官员往来的人士”的话说，习近平似乎要等到他中意的人选有了更多经验并且经历更多考验之後，才会做出决定。

　　何频推测，现任中宣部部长刘奇葆与中共中央政策研究室主任王沪宁也是十九大常委的可能人选。他还表示如果年龄不设限，十九大时将70岁的孟建柱也有成为“黑马”的可能性。

　　何频曾准确预测了十八大常委人数由九人减为七人以及具体人选的名单。

　　　　谁入常谁留任，变数颇多

　　虽然对明年的十九大做出了许多推测，但何频强调，目前距离十九大召开还有约一年的时间，中央政治局常委的人事变动仍然充满很多变数。

　　他说：“但是我觉得这些人选的变数都非常大。不要说我们这些外界的人只能通过一般的常规来进行判断，就是习近平本人也未必一定能够完全定得下来。因为这些事情涉及到多层的利益交换关系，这种交换关系有时候是动态的。我想名单的最後确定和政治局常委要不要保持，六中全会未必定得下来。”

　　一些研究中国政治的学者也认为目前有关下届中央政治局常委的消息大都尚在推测阶段。约翰•霍普金斯大学（The Johns Hopkins University）高级国际研究学院教授戴维•兰普顿认为当前有关中共十九大人事变动的消息“绝大多数”都是猜测。他说，他本人不便对此发表评论。兰普顿教授在回复美国之音的电邮写道：“知者不言，言者不知（People who know don't talk and people who talk don't know）。”

　　澳大利亚莫纳什大学（Monash University）研究中国问题的学者孙万国（Warren Sun）也表示当前有关权力洗牌以及接班人指定的情势非常不清晰，任何有关下届政治局常委或委员的消息都必然与推测差不多。他还指出，所谓的“七上八下”、“隔代指定”等惯例并没有形成明确的条文，习近平可能不会受到这些“潜规则”的约束。

　　除了上述十名中央政治局委员有可能“入常”外，现任政治局常委、中纪委(专题)书记王岐山能否在十九大留任也是外界关注的焦点。虽然目前的很多消息都处於推测阶段，但随着十九大日益临近，新一届政治局常委的名单也会逐渐清晰。

周小川后继有人十九大后中共财金班底成形

李克强2015达沃斯演讲（双语全文）

2015-1-23 03:45 PM| 发布者: jinqiao66|

摘要: Uphold Peace and Stability, Advance Structural Reform and Generate New Momentum for Development国务院总理李克强当地时间21日下午在瑞士达沃斯出席世界经济论坛2015年年会，并在全会上发表题为《维护和平稳定 ...

Uphold Peace and Stability, Advance Structural Reform and Generate New Momentum for Development

国务院总理李克强当地时间21日下午在瑞士达沃斯出席世界经济论坛2015年年会，并在全会上发表题为《维护和平稳定推动结构改革增强发展新动能》的特别致辞。致辞全文如下：

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivers a keynote speech titled "Uphold Peace and Stability, Advance Structural Reform and Generate New Momentum for Development," at the World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland, on Jan. 21, 2015. Following is the full text of Li's speech:

维护和平稳定推动结构改革增强发展新动能

——在世界经济论坛2015年年会上的特别致辞

中国国务院总理李克强

（2015年1月21日，瑞士达沃斯）

Uphold Peace and Stability, Advance Structural Reform and Generate New Momentum for Development

Special Address by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang

At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015

Davos, 21 January 2015

尊敬的施瓦布主席，

尊敬的索马鲁加主席，

尊敬的各位贵宾，

女士们，先生们，朋友们：

Professor Klaus Schwab,

President Simonetta Sommaruga,

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Dear Friends,

很高兴时隔5年再次来到达沃斯，出席世界经济论坛2015年年会。达沃斯小镇十分宁静祥和，但我们所处的世界却并不平静，国际社会需要应对新局势。我还听说，达沃斯曾经是治疗肺病的疗养地，因为盘尼西林的发明而转型。时至今日，达沃斯已经成为“头脑风暴”的智力中心，世界也需要新的“盘尼西林”来应对新挑战。

It gives me great pleasure to come to Davos again after five years to attend the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015. Davos is a town of peace and serenity, yet the world outside is not tranquil. We need to work together to shape the world in a new global context. I was told that Davos used to be a resort for recuperation from lung diseases, and the later discovery of Penicillin changed that. Now it is a place for people to gather and pool their wisdom for "brain-storm". Personally, I find this more than relevant, because our world also needs new forms of "Penicillin" to tackle new challenges that have emerged.

毋庸讳言，当今世界远非太平，地区热点、局部冲突以及恐怖袭击等此起彼伏，对人类社会构成现实威胁；全球经济又复苏乏力，主要经济体走势分化，大宗商品价格反复波动，通货紧缩迹象更雪上加霜。不少人对世界前景抱有悲观情绪，认为不仅和平与安宁出了问题，发展也难见曙光。

Admittedly, the world today is by no means trouble-free. Regional hotspots, local conflicts and terrorist attacks continue to flare up, posing immediate threats to humanity. Global economic recovery lacks speed and momentum. Major economies are performing unevenly. Commodity prices are going through frequent fluctuations. And signs of deflation have made the situation even worse. In fact, many people are quite pessimistic about the future of the world. They believe that the guarantee of peace is weak, and the prospect of development is elusive.

有哲人说过，当问题出现的时候，不能用曾经制造问题的办法去解决它。老问题的解决，不能再从对抗、仇恨、封闭中谋答案；新问题的应对，更要在对话、协商、合作中找出路。我们要吸取历史经验，运用时代智慧，寻求各方利益的最大公约数。人类在艰难时刻，总是能激起突破困境的勇气，迸发出变革创新的力量。

A philosopher once observed that we cannot solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them. Indeed, old problems can no longer be solved by clinging to the outdated mindset of confrontation, hatred and isolation. Dialogue, consultation and cooperation must be explored to find solutions to new problems. It is important that we draw lessons from history, and pool our collective wisdom to maximize the convergence of interests among countries. Fortunately, in time of hardship and trial, mankind have always been able to find the courage to get out of the predicament and move ahead through change and innovation.

面对复杂的国际局势，我们主张要坚定维护和平稳定。今年是世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年。保持世界和平稳定，符合各国人民共同利益。二战后形成的国际秩序和普遍公认的国际关系准则，必须维护而不能打破，否则繁荣和发展也就无从谈起。国家间应摈弃冷战思维与零和游戏，“赢者通吃”是行不通的。任何地区热点和地缘冲突，都应坚持通过政治手段、以和平方式寻求解决。我们反对一切形式的恐怖主义。中国将继续走和平发展道路，维护地区稳定，无意与任何国家一争高下。世界各国都要像爱护自己的眼睛一样爱护和平，让文明理性正义之花开遍世界。

In a world facing complex international situation, we should all work together to uphold peace and stability. This year marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the world's anti-Fascist war. To uphold peace and stability serves the interests of all people in the world. The world order established after World War II as well as generally recognized norms governing international relations must be maintained, not overturned. Otherwise, prosperity and development could be jeopardized. The Cold War and zero-sum mentalities must be abandoned. The "winner takes all" approach will not work. Regional hotspots and geopolitical conflicts must be resolved peacefully through political means. Terrorism, in all its manifestations, must be opposed. China remains committed to peaceful development and regional stability. And China has no intention to compete with other countries for supremacy. Peace in the world must be cherished the same as we cherish our eyes, so that the achievements and benefits of civilization, including reason and justice, will prevail.

面对多元的世界文明，我们主张要共同促进和谐相处。文化多样性与生物多样性一样，是我们这个星球最值得珍视的天然宝藏。人类社会是各种文明都能盛开的百花园，不同文化之间、不同宗教之间，都应相互尊重、和睦共处。同可相亲，异宜相敬。国际社会应以海纳百川的胸怀，求同存异、包容互鉴、合作共赢。

In a world of diverse civilizations, we should all seek to live in harmony. Cultural diversity, like biodiversity, is a most precious treasure endowed to us on this planet. And human society is like a garden where all human civilizations blossom. Different cultures and religions need to respect and live in harmony with each other. While maintaining the natural close ties among those with whom we see eye to eye, we also need to respect those with whom we disagree. Like the vast ocean admitting all rivers that run into it, members of the international community need to work together to expand common ground while accepting differences, and seek win-win progress through inclusive cooperation and mutual learning.

面对多变的经济形势，我们主张要大力推动开放创新。国际金融危机爆发7年来的实践证明，唯有同舟共济，才能渡过难关。在相互依存的世界里，各国有权根据自己的国情制定经济政策，但是也应加强同其他国家的宏观政策协调，扩大利益汇合点，实现共同发展。欧洲有谚语讲：“面对变革之风，有人砌围墙，有人转风车。”我们倡导顺势而为，坚定不移推进自由贸易，旗帜鲜明反对保护主义，积极扩大区域经济合作，打造全球价值链，迎接新科技革命的到来。宏观政策固然重要，但结构性改革势在必行，这是国际社会的共识。尽管难度很大，但也应该坚持去做，这样才能形成全球创新合力，增强世界发展的新动能。

In a world facing volatile economic situation, we should all work to promote opening-up and innovation. What has happened since the outbreak of the international financial crisis seven years ago proves that to work in unity is the surest way for countries to get over the difficulties. We are all interdependent in this world. While we each have the right to adopt economic policies in line with national conditions, we need to strengthen macro-policy coordination to expand the convergence of interests and achieve common development. An European proverb says, "when the wind of change blows, some build walls, while others build windmills." We need to act along the trend of our time, firmly advance free trade, resolutely reject protectionism, and actively expand regional economic cooperation. We need to build global value chains, and seize the opportunity of a new technological revolution. While the international community agree on the importance of macro-policies to the economy, they also recognize the urgency to go ahead with structural reform. Structural reform must be carried through no matter how difficult it is, as it is an effective way to foster conditions conducive to global innovation and bring about new momentum for global development.

女士们，先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

我知道，与会者对中国经济前景很关注，或许有人担忧受到中国经济速度放缓的拖累，还有人担忧受到中国经济转型的冲击。因此，我想多介绍中国的情况。

I know you are all interested in the outlook of the Chinese economy. Some of you may even worry about the possible potential impact of China's economic slowdown and transition. To ease your concerns, let me spend more time today on what is really happening in China.

当前，中国经济发展进入新常态，经济由高速增长转为中高速增长，发展必须由中低端水平迈向中高端水平，为此要坚定不移推动结构性改革。

The Chinese economy has entered a state of new normal. The gear of growth is shifting from high speed to medium-to-high speed, and development needs to move from low-to-medium level to medium-to-high level. This has made it all the more necessary for us to press ahead with structural reform.

应当看到，中国经济增速有所放缓，既有世界经济深度调整的大背景，也是内在的经济规律。现在，中国经济规模已居世界第二，基数增大，即使是7%的增长，年度现价增量也达到8000多亿美元，比5年前增长10%的数量还要大。经济运行处在合理区间，不一味追求速度了，紧绷的供求关系变得舒缓，重荷的资源环境得以减负，可以腾出手来推进结构性改革，向形态更高级、分工更复杂、结构更合理的发展阶段演进。这样，中国经济的“列车”不仅不会掉挡失速，反而会跑得更稳健有力，带来新机遇，形成新动能。

It must be noted that the moderation of growth speed in China reflects both profound adjustments in the world economy as well as the law of economics. The Chinese economy is now the second largest in the world. With a larger base figure, a growth even at 7% will produce an annual increase of more than 800 billion US dollars at current price, larger than a 10% growth five years ago. With the economy performing within the reasonable range and the speed of growth no longer taken as the sole yardstick, the strained supply-demand relationship will be eased, the pressure on resources and the environment will be lowered, and more time and energy will be devoted to push forward structural reform. That means, the economy will enter a more advanced stage of development, with more sophisticated division of labor and a more optimized structure. If I could compare the Chinese economy to a running train. What I want you to know is that this train will not lose speed or momentum. It will only be powered by stronger dynamo and run with greater steadiness, bringing along new opportunities and new momentum of growth.

刚刚过去的2014年，我们就是按照这个思路做的。面对下行压力，我们没有采取强刺激，而是强力推进改革，尤其是政府带头改革，大力简政放权，激发市场和企业的活力。全年GDP增长7.4%，在世界主要经济体中是最高的；城镇新增就业1300多万人，在经济放缓情况下不减反增，登记失业率、调查失业率都是下降的；CPI上涨2%，低于年初预期目标。事实说明，我们出台的一系列宏观调控政策是正确的、有效的。更重要的是结构性改革迈出新步伐。

In 2014, we followed exactly the afore-mentioned approach. In the face of downward pressure, we did not resort to strong stimulus; instead, we vigorously pursued reforms, and the government in fact led these reforms by streamlining administration and delegating power. This has motivated both the market and the business sector. GDP grew by 7.4% for the whole year, the best among major economies in the world. Over 13 million new jobs were created in cities, with both registered and surveyed unemployment rates lower than the previous year. That is, we achieved growth in employment despite the economic slowdown. CPI was kept at 2%, lower than the target set at the beginning of the year. These outcomes prove that the host of macro-regulation measures China adopted have been right and effective. More importantly, new progress has been made in advancing structural reform.

不可否认，2015年，中国经济仍面临较大下行压力。在这种情况下如何选择？是追求短期更高增长，还是着眼长期中高速增长，提升发展质量？答案是后者。我们将继续保持战略定力，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，不会搞“大水漫灌”，而是更加注重预调微调，更好实行定向调控，确保经济运行在合理区间，同时着力提升经济发展的质量和效益。

Needless to say, the Chinese economy will continue to face substantial downward pressure in 2015. What shall we choose to do under such circumstances? Shall we go for even higher growth for the short term, or for medium-to-high growth and a higher quality of development over the long run? The answer is definitely the latter. We will maintain our strategic focus and continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. We will avoid adopting indiscriminate policies. Instead, we will put more emphasis on anticipatory adjustment and fine-tuning, do an even better job with targeted macro-regulation to keep the economy operating within the reasonable range, and raise the quality and performance of the economy.

我们正在采取有效措施防范债务、金融等潜在风险。中国储蓄率高达50%，能够为经济增长提供充裕资金。地方性债务70%以上用于基础设施建设，是有资产保障的。金融体制改革也正在推进。我在这里要向大家传递的信息是，中国不会发生区域性、系统性金融风险，中国经济不会出现“硬着陆”。

We are taking effective measures to fend off debt, financial and other potential risks. China's high savings rate, which now stands at 50%, generates sufficient funds for sustaining economic growth. Besides, China's local debt, over 70% of which was incurred for infrastructure development, is backed by assets. And reform of the financial system is making progress. What I want to emphasize is that regional or systemic financial crisis will not happen in China, and the Chinese economy will not head for a hard landing.

要看到，中国还是一个发展中国家，实现现代化还有很长的路要走。和平是中国发展的基础条件，改革开放和人民对幸福美好生活的追求是发展的最大动力。中国城乡和区域发展空间广阔，国内需求潜力巨大。以中高速再发展一、二十年，中国的面貌就会持续改善，也会给世界带来更多发展机遇。

It must be pointed out that China is still a developing country and still has a long way to go before achieving modernization. While peace is the basic condition for China's development, reform and opening-up along with our people's desire for a happy life constitute the strongest impetus propelling development. The space of development in China's rural and urban areas and various regions is enormous, and the country's domestic demand will simply generate great potential of growth. Development at medium-to-high speed for another ten to twenty years will bring even bigger changes to China and create more development opportunities for the world.

中国经济要顶住下行压力，实现“双中高”，就需要对传统思维“说不”，为创新体制“叫好”，下决心推进结构性改革。要创新宏观调控，增添微观活力，调整城乡、区域和产业结构，促进比较充分的就业特别是年轻人的就业，改善收入分配和民生福祉。这需要付出艰辛努力，但是我们将不畏困难。只有沿着促改革、调结构的路子坚定走下去，才能使中国经济长期保持中高速增长，发展迈向中高端水平。

For the Chinese economy to withstand downward pressure, and to maintain medium-to-high speed of growth and achieve medium-to-high level of development, we need to say "no" to traditional mindset. We must encourage innovative institutions, and press ahead with structural reform. We need to adopt more innovative macro-regulation policies and develop a more vigorous micro economy. We need to promote more balanced development of industries, between rural and urban areas and among regions. We need to ensure relatively high employment rate, especially sufficient employment for the young people. And we need to optimize income distribution and raise the people's welfare. All this certainly calls for tremendous efforts. Yet we will stay undaunted in the face of difficulties. We will unswervingly press ahead with reform and restructuring to ensure that our economy maintains medium-to-high speed of growth and achieves medium-to-high level of development.

中国经济要行稳致远，必须全面深化改革。用好政府和市场这“两只手”，形成“双引擎”。一方面要使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，培育打造新引擎；另一方面要更好发挥政府作用，改造升级传统引擎。

To ensure long-term and steady growth of the Chinese economy, we need to comprehensively deepen reforms. We need to properly use both the hand of the government and the hand of the market, and rely on both the traditional and new engines of growth. We will let the market play a decisive role in resource allocation to foster a new engine of growth. At the same time, we will give better scope to the role of the government to transform and upgrade the traditional engine of growth.

我们说要打造新引擎，就是推动大众创业、万众创新。中国有13亿人口、9亿劳动力、7000万企业和个体工商户，人民勤劳而智慧。如果把全社会每一个细胞都激活，就会使整个经济肌体充满生机，进而汇聚成巨大的推动力量。大众创业、万众创新蕴藏着无穷创意和无限财富，是取之不竭的“金矿”。

To foster a new engine of growth, we will encourage mass entrepreneurship and innovation. China has 1.3 billion people, a 900-million workforce, and over 70 million enterprises and self-employed businesses. Our people are hard-working and talented. If we could activate every cell in society, the economy of China as a whole will brim with more vigor and gather stronger power for growth. Mass entrepreneurship and innovation, in our eyes, is a "gold mine" that provides constant source of creativity and wealth.

这使我想起30多年前的中国农村改革，放开搞活，让农民自主决定生产经营，调动了广大农民的积极性，结果只用了短短几年时间，就解决了长期没有解决的吃饭问题。制度创新激发了亿万人的创造力，也改变了亿万人的命运。两个月前，我去了中国东部的一个村庄，那里有700多户人家，却开设了2800多家注册网店，每天向世界各地售出超过3000万件各类商品。这就是勤劳肯干大众创业的生动写照。

Speaking of this, I think of China's rural reform conducted more than 30 years ago. The reform brought farmers' initiatives into full play and allowed them to decide for themselves matters related to rural production and management. Consequently, the problem of hunger that previously haunted China was solved in just a couple of years. In short, a structural innovation that unleashed the creativity of the people changed the lot of hundreds of millions in China. I also think of a small village I visited two months ago in eastern China. In the village were some 700 households and over 2,800 registered online stores. Each day, more than 30 million items of various sorts were sold to different parts of the world. The story of the village speaks vividly of the hard-working Chinese people actively engaged in entrepreneurship.

今天的中国，需要开发活力的新源泉。活力来自多样性，多样性的碰撞产生智慧的火花，点燃创新发展的火炬。大众创业、万众创新不仅能释放民智民力，扩大内需和居民消费，增加社会财富，增进大众福祉。更重要的是，让所有人都有平等机会和舞台实现人生价值，推进社会纵向流动，实现社会公平正义。

Going forward, China needs new sources of dynamism to carry development forward. Dynamism comes from diversity, which sparks wisdom and fosters innovation. Mass entrepreneurship and innovation serves to unleash people's ingenuity and power. It will result in greater demand and residents' consumption, greater social wealth, and greater welfare for the people. More importantly, it will bring opportunity for many and give people the stage to reach life's full potential. It will also bring about greater social mobility, equity and justice.

管制束缚创新，竞争促进繁荣。我们将进一步深化行政体制改革，继续取消和下放行政审批事项，全面清理非行政许可，推行市场准入负面清单制度，为市场主体松绑减负。这也有利于压缩寻租和腐败的空间。我们将依法保护知识产权，尽力营造鼓励进取、宽容失败的环境，同时保护各类合法产权。

Excessive regulation discourages innovation, and healthy competition is the way to prosperity. We will deepen reform of the administrative system. This means we will continue to abolish or delegate to lower-level governments items previously subject to State Council review and approval. We will comprehensively sort out items requiring non-governmental review and approval, and put in place a negative-list approach for market access. This will incentivize market players, and help reduce the possibility of rent-seeking and corruption. We will protect intellectual property rights in accordance with the law, and do our best to foster an environment that encourages entrepreneurship and tolerates failure. Moreover, we will give protection to all sorts of legal property rights.

我们说要改造传统引擎，重点是扩大公共产品和公共服务供给。中国经济发展虽然取得很大成就，但公共产品与服务不足仍是“短板”。目前，中国人均公共设施资本存量仅为西欧国家的38%、北美国家的23%；服务业水平比同等发展中国家低10个百分点；城镇化率比发达国家低20多个百分点。这当中蕴藏着公共产品与服务的巨大空间。增加这方面供给，属于政府分内的职责，是改善民生的必要举措，也是扩大内需的重要推手。

To transform the traditional engine of growth, we will focus on increasing the supply of public goods and services. China has made remarkable economic achievements, but inadequate supply of public goods and services remains a weak link in development. China's capital stock on public infrastructure, in per capita terms, is only 38% that of Western Europe and 23% that of North America. The development of its service sector is 10 percentage points lower than other developing countries at similar development stages. And its rate of urbanization is more than 20 percentage points lower than developed countries. This means a massive space for increasing public goods and services. To deliver such public goods and services to improve people's lives is the government's responsibility. They are also important ways to boost domestic demand.

今年，我们确定了包括中西部铁路、水利工程、各类棚户区和城乡危房改造、污染防治等重点投资领域。政府在加大财政投入的同时，不再唱“独角戏”，而是通过深化投融资改革，打破垄断，吸引社会资金和外资参与，采取政府和民营合作（PPP）、中外合作以及政府购买服务等方式，放大投资效应。如近年中国西部省区建设一家污水处理厂，需要资金3.35亿元人民币，成功吸引德国一家水务公司参与投资，德方股比占到70%。

This year, we have identified some key areas for investment, including building railways in central and western provinces, constructing water conservancy projects, rebuilding rundown urban areas and old houses in cities and villages, and preventing and controlling pollutions. The government will increase investment in these areas, and it will not act alone. Efforts will be made to break monopoly and reform the investment and financing systems to encourage the participation of private and foreign capitals. The model of public-private partnership (PPP), Sino-foreign cooperatives and government purchase of services will be adopted to better leverage various investment sources. I have an example here to cite. A few years ago, the plan was made to build a sewage treatment plant in a province in western China, and a total of 335 million RMB yuan was needed. The project later attracted investment from a German water company, with the German side controlling 70 percent of the total shares.

我们将推进财税改革，给企业尤其是服务型企业减税降费，推出扶持中小企业的新举措。深化金融改革，继续推进利率、汇率市场化，加快发展中小金融机构特别是民营银行，发展多层次资本市场。推动价格改革，大幅缩减政府定价种类和项目，最大限度放开价格管制。同时，注重发挥政府在“软环境”建设中的作用，扮演好市场监管的角色，打造国际化、市场化、法治化的营商环境，为所有市场主体提供优质高效的公共服务。

Moving forward, we will deepen fiscal and taxation reform, reduce the tax and fees charged to businesses, particularly those in the service sector, and take new steps to support SMEs. We will deepen reform of the financial system, continue to promote liberalization of interest and exchange rates, and accelerate the development of small- and medium-sized financial institutions, private banks in particular, with a view to developing a multi-tiered capital market. We will speed up reform of the pricing system, substantially reduce the types and items for which the government sets the prices, and liberate price regulation to the maximum extent possible. More emphasis will be given to the government's role in creating a favorable "soft environment". That means better market regulation, a world-class business environment established on market principles and the rule of law. In this way, we will be able to provide efficient and quality public services to all market players.

女士们，先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

中国改革与发展将给世界带来更多商机。我们将进一步放宽外资准入，探索准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理模式，对中外企业一视同仁，重点有序扩大金融、教育、文化、医疗、养老等服务业对外开放，推广上海自贸区经验，让各国投资者能挖掘出源源不断的“富矿”。

China's reform and development will bring more business opportunities to the world. We will provide easier market access for inbound foreign investment, and explore the possibility of management based on a pre-establishment national treatment and negative-list approach. Chinese and foreign companies will be treated as equals. We will further open the financial, education, cultural, medical care, pension and other service sectors in an orderly way, and bring the experience of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone to other parts of China. Our aim is to help investors from across countries find "rich mines" and reap steady returns from their investment.

我们还将创新对外投资合作方式，中国高铁、核电、航空、电信等优势行业“走出去”，对接当地市场需求，也是在国际市场竞争中接受检验。其中不少产品本来就是中外合作生产的，出口本身就是共同开拓第三方市场。我们提出“一带一路”建设，愿与相关国家需求相结合，合作推进。

What is more, China will explore new approaches to investment cooperation with other countries. China's high-speed railway, nuclear power, aviation, telecommunications and other sophisticated manufacturing capacities are gradually being introduced to other countries. They could meet market demand of the recipient country, and stand the test of competition on the international market. Their export will also help open up third-country markets, as many of such products are made by joint ventures between China and a foreign country. China has put forward the initiatives to build the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. China hopes to work with other countries to advance these initiatives and ensure that they are brought forward in ways that meet the actual needs of countries concerned.

瑞士达沃斯是世界滑雪胜地。大家知道，滑雪有三要素：速度、平衡、勇气。对中国经济而言，就是要主动适应新常态，保持中高速度的增长，平衡好稳增长和调结构的关系，以壮士断腕的勇气推进改革。只要我们坚持改革开放不动摇，着力推进结构性改革，推动大众创业、万众创新，扩大公共产品、公共服务供给，用“双引擎”助力“双中高”，中国经济就一定能够摆脱“中等收入陷阱”的“魔咒”，走上持续健康发展的轨道，同时为世界经济带来更大机遇。

Davos of Switzerland is a world-famous ski resort. As we understand, to be a good skier, one needs to do three things: go at the right speed, keep balance and be courageous. I believe this also holds true for the Chinese economy. What is important now for China is to adapt to the new normal. China will maintain medium-to-high speed of growth, keep a proper balance between steady growth and structural adjustment, and push forward reform with great courage and determination. China will stay firm in its commitment to reform and opening-up. It will focus on structural reform, encourage mass entrepreneurship and innovation, increase supply of public goods and services, and use the twin engines to ensure that the economy maintains medium-to-high speed of growth and achieves medium-to-high level of development. As long as we succeed in doing so, the Chinese economy will successfully overcome the "middle-income trap" and move ahead along the path of sustainable and sound development. This will in turn bring greater opportunities to the world economy.

我相信，只要国际社会携起手来，坚守和平稳定的底线，秉持和谐相处的理念，激活开放创新的动力，就没有克服不了的艰难险阻，我们赖以生存的这个世界就会迎来一个更加美好的未来！

In closing, I would like to call upon the international community to forge ahead and work in unison to uphold peace and stability, embrace harmonious coexistence, and boost the impetus for openness and innovation. By doing so, I am confident we will be able to overcome whatever difficulty or obstacle that stand in our way, and bring about a better future for the world that we all call home.

谢谢大家。

Thank you very much.

新聞取自各大新聞媒體，新聞內容並不代表本網立場！

收件箱 : bangtai.us@gmail.com

团派惨遭打压 中共十九大入常谁有

戏？(图)

李克强2015达沃斯演讲（双语全文）

团派惨遭打压中共十九大入常谁有